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DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-38635
Autosplenektomie nach Varizellensepsis bei einem Patienten mit M. Crohn unter immunsuppressiver Therapie
Functional Asplenia after Severe Varicella Zoster-Infection Diagnosis by Colour Doppler UltrasoundPublication History
Manuscript received: 4 November 2002
Accepted after revision: 14 December 2002
Publication Date:
15 April 2003 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Infiltrative, vaskulitische oder thromboembolische Prozesse im Milzparenchym können zu einem Funktionsverlust des Organs führen. Dieses als Autosplenektomie bezeichnete Phänomen ist vor allem als Komplikation bei Sichelzellenanämie, nach Knochenmarktransplantation und bei Lupus erythematodes bekannt. Wir berichten über einen Patienten mit Morbus Crohn unter immunsuppressiver Therapie, der im Zusammenhang mit einer Varizelleninfektion einen septischen Schock mit einer disseminierten intravasalen Gerinnungsstörung und eine spontane gedeckte Milzruptur entwickelte. Bei den sonographischen Verlaufskontrollen fiel eine zunehmende Milzverkleinerung auf. In der Farb-Doppler-Sonographie konnten keine intraparenchymatösen Flusssignale abgeleitet werden. Anhand des sonographischen Befundes wurde der Verdacht auf eine Autosplenektomie gestellt, welcher durch die Milzszintigraphie und den Nachweis von Howell-Jolly-Körperchen im peripheren Blutbild bestätigt wurde. Bemerkenswert erscheint, dass der Morbus Crohn mit der Entwicklung der funktionellen Autosplenektomie eine Langzeitremission (4 Jahre) aufweist. Der zugrunde liegende Pathomechanismus ist unklar.
Abstract
Infiltrative, inflammatory or thromboembolic processes in the parenchyma of the spleen can cause a functional loss of the organ. This phenomenon is called functional asplenia and occurs as a complication especially in sickle cell disease, lupus erythematosus and after bone marrow transplantation. We present the case of a patient with Crohn’s disease under immunosuppressive therapy who developed a spontaneous covered spleen rupture in the course of a septic shock with DIG due to a Varizella zoster infection. Later on, sonography showed a diminution of the spleen size. No flow signals could be derived by colour doppler measurements from the spleen. Because of the colour doppler findings we suspected a functional asplenia which was then verified by spleen scintigraphy and Howell-Jolly-Bodies in the blood count. Remarkably, the Crohn’s disease remains in complete remission since the development of the functional asplenia (for 4 years now). The underlying pathomechanism remains unclear.
Schlüsselwörter
Autosplenektomie - Sepsis - Varizella zoster - Farb-Doppler-Sonographie - Morbus Crohn
Key words
Function asplenia - sepsis - varicella zoster infection - colour doppler sonography - crohn’s disease
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Prof. Dr. Christian Görg
Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Abteilung Gastroenterologie
Baldingerstraße
35033 Marburg
Email: goergc@mailer.uni-marburg.de